Top 100 Most-Disruptive Papers

The 100 most-disruptive papers by the Funk & Owen-Smith CD (disruption) index, which measures how much a paper redirected the field away from prior work.

The disruption index is unreliable for papers published within the last 5 years — the forward-citation window is too short to score them — so recent papers are excluded from this ranking. A research reference for clinicians and trainees, not treatment advice.

#PaperAltmetricCD index
1Chronic ulcerative colitis associated with malignant disease. 1928.
Bargen JA · 1994 · Dis Colon Rectum
+0.690
20 cites
2Laparoscopic total proctocolectomy with creation of ileostomy for ulcerative colitis: report of two cases.
Peters WR · 1992 · J Laparoendosc Surg
+0.496
63 cites
3Ulcerative colitis with relative sparing of the rectum. Clinical features, histology, and prognosis.
Spiliadis CA · 1987 · Dis Colon Rectum
+0.356
48 cites
4An analysis of 10218 ulcerative colitis cases in China.
Jiang XL · 2002 · World J Gastroenterol
+0.296
134 cites
5An Update on the Medical Management of Inflammatory Pouch Complications.
Quinn KP · 2020 · Am J Gastroenterol
+0.221
29 cites
6Predicting Outcomes in Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis for Management Optimization: Systematic Review and Consensus Statements From the Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease-Ahead Program.
Orlanski-Meyer E · 2021 · Gastroenterology
+0.218
47 cites
7Treatment of colorectal and ileoanal anastomotic sinuses.
Whitlow CB · 1997 · Dis Colon Rectum
+0.166
55 cites
8Course of ulcerative colitis: analysis of changes in disease activity over years.
Langholz E · 1994 · Gastroenterology
+0.142
526 cites
9Fate of the rectal mucosa after rectal mucosectomy and ileoanal anastomosis.
Heppell J · 1983 · Dis Colon Rectum
+0.121
105 cites
10Dysplasia in inflammatory bowel disease: standardized classification with provisional clinical applications.
Riddell RH · 1983 · Hum Pathol
+0.113
1,590 cites
11Cyclosporine in severe ulcerative colitis refractory to steroid therapy.
Lichtiger S · 1994 · N Engl J Med
+0.110
1,433 cites
12Serum antibodies to Bacteroides species in chronic inflammatory bowel disease.
Tvede M · 1983 · Scand J Gastroenterol
+0.109
42 cites
13Subtotal colectomy for ulcerative colitis: complications related to the rectal remnant.
Carter FM · 1991 · Dis Colon Rectum
+0.101
75 cites
14Endoscopic biopsy technique for acquiring larger mucosal samples.
Levine DS · 1991 · Gastrointest Endosc
+0.094
75 cites
15Active ulcerative colitis associated with low prevalence of Blastocystis and Dientamoeba fragilis infection.
Petersen AM · 2013 · Scand J Gastroenterol
+0.090
82 cites
16The OMGE multinational inflammatory bowel disease survey 1976-1986. A further report on 3175 cases.
Myren J · 1988 · Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl
+0.084
22 cites
17Inflammatory bowel disease.
Hyams JS · 2005 · Pediatr Rev
+0.084
26 cites
18Laparoscopic surgery for inflammatory bowel disease.
Liu CD · 1995 · Am Surg
+0.078
45 cites
19Readmissions after colorectal surgery cannot be predicted.
Azimuddin K · 2001 · Dis Colon Rectum
+0.072
77 cites
20Fecal Microbiota Transplant for Recurrent Clostridium difficile Infection in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
Cho S · 2019 · J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr
+0.071
23 cites
21Amino acid losses in ileostomy fluid on a protein-free diet.
Fuller MF · 1994 · Am J Clin Nutr
+0.064
63 cites
22The fate of the rectal stump after subtotal colectomy for ulcerative colitis.
Oakley JR · 1985 · Dis Colon Rectum
+0.062
47 cites
23Incidence and prevalence of ulcerative colitis in Copenhagen county from 1962 to 1987.
Langholz E · 1991 · Scand J Gastroenterol
+0.062
218 cites
24Clinical outcome of ulcerative colitis in children.
Hyams JS · 1996 · J Pediatr
+0.058
127 cites
25An assessment of inflammation in the reservoir after restorative proctocolectomy with ileoanal ileal reservoir.
Moskowitz RL · 1986 · Int J Colorectal Dis
+0.058
300 cites
26Combination therapy in inflammatory bowel disease - from traditional immunosuppressors towards the new paradigm of dual targeted therapy.
Privitera G · 2021 · Autoimmun Rev
+0.056
55 cites
27Laparoscopic total abdominal colectomy. A prospective trial.
Wexner SD · 1992 · Dis Colon Rectum
+0.050
191 cites
28Sexual function in women after proctocolectomy.
Metcalf AM · 1986 · Ann Surg
+0.049
82 cites
29A surgical subspecialist enhances general surgical operative experience.
Galandiuk S · 1995 · Arch Surg
+0.049
25 cites
30Ileal pouch-anal anastomosis without temporary, diverting ileostomy.
Metcalf AM · 1986 · Dis Colon Rectum
+0.047
54 cites
31Long term prognosis in ulcerative colitis--based on results from a regional patient group from the county of Copenhagen.
Hendriksen C · 1985 · Gut
+0.047
219 cites
32Ulcerative colitis and colorectal cancer. A population-based study.
Ekbom A · 1990 · N Engl J Med
+0.046
1,439 cites
33Results of the pelvic-pouch procedure in patients with Crohn's disease.
Deutsch AA · 1991 · Dis Colon Rectum
+0.044
132 cites
34Development and Validation of Risk Matrices Concerning Ulcerative Colitis Outcomes-Bayesian Network Analysis.
Magro F · 2019 · J Crohns Colitis
+0.041
20 cites
35Treatment of steroid refractory inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF).
Florin TH · 1998 · Aust N Z J Med
+0.038
25 cites
36Relationship of backwash ileitis to ileal pouchitis after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis.
Gustavsson S · 1987 · Dis Colon Rectum
+0.033
71 cites
37Pouchitis associated with primary cytomegalovirus infection.
Moonka D · 1998 · Am J Gastroenterol
+0.030
68 cites
38Very low intraluminal colonic pH in patients with active ulcerative colitis.
Fallingborg J · 1993 · Dig Dis Sci
+0.030
173 cites
39Predicting the functional result of anastomoses to the anus: the paradox of preoperative anal resting pressure.
Church JM · 1993 · Dis Colon Rectum
+0.029
26 cites
40Long-term ileostomy complications in patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.
Carlstedt A · 1987 · Int J Colorectal Dis
+0.029
57 cites
41Intraluminal pH of the human gastrointestinal tract.
Fallingborg J · 1999 · Dan Med Bull
+0.028
500 cites
42Sexual dysfunction following proctocolectomy for benign disease of the colon and rectum.
Bauer JJ · 1983 · Ann Surg
+0.027
48 cites
43Wernicke's encephalopathy during total parenteral nutrition: observation in one case.
Mattioli S · 1988 · JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr
+0.026
21 cites
44Surgical management of pseudomembranous colitis.
Bradley SJ · 1988 · Am Surg
+0.026
25 cites
45Prevention of postoperative abdominal adhesions by a sodium hyaluronate-based bioresorbable membrane: a prospective, randomized, double-blind multicenter study.
Becker JM · 1996 · J Am Coll Surg
+0.026
545 cites
46Life-table analysis of stomal complications following ileostomy.
Leong AP · 1994 · Br J Surg
+0.026
132 cites
47Intra-abdominal pressure, sagittal abdominal diameter and obesity comorbidity.
Sugerman H · 1997 · J Intern Med
+0.026
363 cites
48Ostomy patients' perceptions of quality of care.
Persson E · 2005 · J Adv Nurs
+0.025
58 cites
49Absorption of an oral contraceptive gestagen in ulcerative colitis before and after proctocolectomy and construction of a continent ileostomy.
Nilsson LO · 1985 · Contraception
+0.025
29 cites
50"Ideal" length of stay after colectomy: whose ideal?
Schoetz DJ · 1997 · Dis Colon Rectum
+0.025
62 cites
51An enema formulation of alicaforsen, an antisense inhibitor of intercellular adhesion molecule-1, in the treatment of chronic, unremitting pouchitis.
Miner P · 2004 · Aliment Pharmacol Ther
+0.024
108 cites
52The pathology of diverticulosis coli.
West AB · 2004 · J Clin Gastroenterol
+0.023
81 cites
53Usefulness of valproate sodium for treatment of incontinence after ileoanal anastomosis.
Kusunoki M · 1990 · Surgery
+0.023
29 cites
54Mucosal healing in inflammatory bowel disease: results from a Norwegian population-based cohort.
Frøslie KF · 2007 · Gastroenterology
+0.023
936 cites
55Gynaecological problems related to anatomical changes after conventional proctocolectomy and ileostomy.
Wikland M · 1990 · Int J Colorectal Dis
+0.023
61 cites
56Pediatric ileal pouch-anal anastomosis: functional outcomes and quality of life.
Stavlo PL · 2003 · J Pediatr Surg
+0.021
38 cites
57Axonal damage in Crohn's disease is frequent, but non-specific.
Brewer DB · 1990 · J Pathol
+0.020
22 cites
58Coffee and alcohol use and the risk of ulcerative colitis.
Boyko EJ · 1989 · Am J Gastroenterol
+0.019
37 cites
59A new treatment for toxic megacolon.
Kuroki K · 1998 · Lancet
+0.019
24 cites
60Altered tight junction structure contributes to the impaired epithelial barrier function in ulcerative colitis.
Schmitz H · 1999 · Gastroenterology
+0.019
467 cites
61Submucosal accumulation of fat in inflammatory bowel disease: CT/pathologic correlation.
Jones B · 1986 · J Comput Assist Tomogr
+0.018
84 cites
62Inflammatory bowel disease in the United States from 1998 to 2005: has infliximab affected surgical rates?
Cannom RR · 2009 · Am Surg
+0.018
50 cites
63Surgery for ulcerative colitis in the era of the pouch: the St Mark's Hospital experience.
Melville DM · 1994 · Gut
+0.017
62 cites
64Clinical outcome of ulcerative proctitis in children.
Hyams J · 1997 · J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr
+0.016
26 cites
65Effect of dietary inulin supplementation on inflammation of pouch mucosa in patients with an ileal pouch-anal anastomosis.
Welters CF · 2002 · Dis Colon Rectum
+0.016
176 cites
66Work disability in inflammatory bowel disease patients 10 years after disease onset: results from the IBSEN Study.
Høivik ML · 2013 · Gut
+0.016
212 cites
67A cluster of rotavirus enteritis in adult transplant recipients.
Stelzmueller I · 2005 · Transpl Int
+0.015
30 cites
68Mucosal healing in ulcerative colitis: pathophysiology and pharmacology.
Seidelin JB · 2013 · Adv Clin Chem
+0.015
30 cites
69Proctocolectomy and ileoanal anastomosis.
Beart RW · 1988 · World J Surg
+0.015
26 cites
70Factors affecting colectomy rate in ulcerative colitis: an epidemiologic study.
Leijonmarck CE · 1990 · Gut
+0.015
154 cites
71Omental transposition for low pelvic anastomoses.
Topor B · 2001 · Am J Surg
+0.014
20 cites
72Epidemiology and natural history of inflammatory bowel diseases.
Cosnes J · 2011 · Gastroenterology
+0.014
1,653 cites
73Successful childbirth after restorative proctocolectomy with pelvic ileal reservoir.
Pezim ME · 1984 · Br J Surg
+0.014
27 cites
74Modified two-stage ileal pouch-anal anastomosis: equivalent outcomes with less resource utilization.
Swenson BR · 2005 · Dis Colon Rectum
+0.014
57 cites
75Toxic megacolon associated with methotrexate therapy.
Atherton LD · 1984 · Gastroenterology
+0.014
23 cites
76Surgery for acute ulcerative colitis and toxic megacolon during pregnancy.
Cooksey G · 1985 · Br J Surg
+0.013
25 cites
77Fate of the pouch in 151 pediatric patients after ileal pouch anal anastomosis.
Alexander F · 2003 · J Pediatr Surg
+0.012
99 cites
78What are the differences in body image between patients with a conventional stoma compared with those who have had a conventional stoma followed by a continent pouch?
Salter MJ · 1992 · J Adv Nurs
+0.012
37 cites
79Abdominal Emergencies in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
Goldstone RN · 2019 · Surg Clin North Am
+0.012
27 cites
80Hemodynamics in the prone jackknife position during surgery.
Hatada T · 1991 · Am J Surg
+0.012
20 cites
81VSL#3 can prevent ulcerative colitis-associated carcinogenesis in mice.
Wang CS · 2018 · World J Gastroenterol
+0.012
114 cites
82Ileal pouch-anal anastomosis without ileostomy.
Galandiuk S · 1991 · Dis Colon Rectum
+0.012
69 cites
83Acute surgical emergencies in inflammatory bowel disease.
Berg DF · 2002 · Am J Surg
+0.011
95 cites
84Surgical therapy for ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.
Becker JM · 1999 · Gastroenterol Clin North Am
+0.011
86 cites
85Outcome of "indeterminant" colitis following ileal pouch-anal anastomosis.
Pezim ME · 1989 · Dis Colon Rectum
+0.011
103 cites
86Paraileostomy hernia: a clinical and radiological study.
Williams JG · 1990 · Br J Surg
+0.011
76 cites
87Hospitalization, surgery, and readmission rates of IBD in Canada: a population-based study.
Bernstein CN · 2006 · Am J Gastroenterol
+0.011
122 cites
88Impact of Clostridium difficile on inflammatory bowel disease.
Issa M · 2007 · Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol
+0.011
449 cites
89Rethinking Priorities: Cost of Complications After Elective Colectomy.
Zogg CK · 2016 · Ann Surg
+0.011
56 cites
90Similar functional results after restorative proctocolectomy in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis and mucosal ulcerative colitis.
Tjandra JJ · 1993 · Am J Surg
+0.011
84 cites
91Changes in extent of ulcerative colitis: a study on the course and prognostic factors.
Langholz E · 1996 · Scand J Gastroenterol
+0.010
180 cites
92Restorative proctocolectomy in patients older than fifty years.
Bauer JJ · 1997 · Dis Colon Rectum
+0.010
45 cites
93Diagnostic standards in the pathology of inflammatory bowel disease.
Loddenkemper C · 2009 · Dig Dis
+0.010
21 cites
94Anal complications after restorative proctocolectomy (J-pouch).
Rossi HL · 2002 · Am Surg
+0.010
23 cites
95Stapled ileo-anal anastomosis: a technique to avoid mucosal proctectomy in the ileal pouch operation.
Heald RJ · 1986 · Br J Surg
+0.010
169 cites
96HIV associated cytomegalovirus colitis as a mimic of inflammatory bowel disease.
Roskell DE · 1995 · Gut
+0.010
22 cites
97Ulcerative colitis.
Ordás I · 2012 · Lancet
+0.009
1,735 cites
98High circulating concentrations of interleukin-6 in active Crohn's disease but not ulcerative colitis.
Mahida YR · 1991 · Gut
+0.009
169 cites
99The critical level for preservation of continence in the ileoanal anastomosis.
Martin LW · 1985 · J Pediatr Surg
+0.009
62 cites
100Cyclosporin A treatment of steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis during pregnancy: report of two cases.
Reindl W · 2007 · Gut
+0.009
24 cites